Abstract
For open ocean environments, it is rare to find continuous, simultaneous air and sea observation records due to the challenges of instrument installation and maintenance. The Ieodo Ocean Research Station (Ieodo ORS), a remote ocean site located in the northern East China Sea with its harsh oceanic and atmospheric environment, provides a platform for the concurrent monitoring of air and sea environments. Since 2014, the Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency has run the “Ieodo ORS field trip program,” via which researchers are able to stay at the station for a week or more. This work reports technical lessons learned over 5 years from five Ieodo ORS research projects launched in 2016. Over the course of these projects, Ieodo ORS has monitored sea surface temperature, temperature and salinity in the water column, seawater pH, air pollutants, and solar radiation. The purpose of this paper is to facilitate the success of future research activities in similar environments by sharing our experiences and “best practices.”
Highlights
Ieodo Ocean Research Station (Ieodo ORS) opened in June 2003, and was built to help advance the understanding of the dynamics of the East China Sea (ECS), including its influence on Korea’s marine, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments, via the continuous and simultaneous multidisciplinary observation of local air and sea environments (Ha et al, 2019)
In section “Ieodo ORS Field Trip,” we introduce the Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA)-led Ieodo ORS fieldtrip program that currently facilitates research experiences
In relation to making suitable facilities for residential fieldtrips on remote ORS, lessons arise from the Ieodo experience regarding four key infrastructure and data areas: boat landing, electronic power, seawater desalination, and structure evaluation
Summary
Ieodo Ocean Research Station (Ieodo ORS) opened in June 2003, and was built to help advance the understanding of the dynamics of the ECS, including its influence on Korea’s marine, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments, via the continuous and simultaneous multidisciplinary observation of local air and sea environments (Ha et al, 2019). This influence is primarily via the transport of heat, salt, and other materials by the Tsushima Warm Current (originating from the northward branch of the Kuroshio Current, Nitani, 1972; Lie and Cho, 1994) and/or by the Taiwan Warm Current (Beardsley et al, 1985; Fang et al, 1991; Kim et al, 2005) This sea influences the weather and climate of the Korean Peninsula, via heat transport and Remote Ocean and Atmospheric Observations other ECS air-sea interactions (Kim et al, 2019). The majority of typhoons approach the Korean Peninsula during summer and early autumn via the ECS (Moon et al, 2010; Kim et al, 2014; Byun et al, 2018). In addition to these usual interactions, the properties of the ECS waters themselves are changing, with the input of anthropogenic nitrogen in the northern ECS rapidly increasing due to the growing nitrogen fertilizer and fossil fuel use in China (Kim et al, 2011)
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