Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to conduct an investigation of Mycoplasma bovigenitalium and Ureaplasma diversum infections in cattle in the microregion of the Ipanema Valley, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Vaginal swabs were collected from 355 breeding cows in reproductive age and were analyzed by multiplex PCR (mPCR) and culture. An epidemiological investigation of risk factors was performed for Mollicutes. mPCR analysis showed that, 9.29% (33/355) of the cows were positive for M. bovigenitalium and 21.69% (77/355) for U. diversum; coinfection was observed in 2.81% (10/355) of the cows. The microbiological isolation showed, 81.81% (27/33) of Mycoplasma spp. and 24.67% (19/77) of Ureaplasma spp.. The risk factors related to Mollicutes infection identified were semi-intensive breeding system (OR= 4.6), pasture rent (OR= 3.6), non-isolation of animals with reproductive disorders (OR= 3.2), and natural mounting and artificial insemination (OR= 3.5). There was a significant association between Mollicutes infection and abortions in the first gestational third (P= 0.001). This is the first record of M. bovigenitalium and U. diversum infection in cows in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Preventive measures directed to the identified risk factors can decrease the occurrence of Mollicutes in these herds.
Highlights
Animal mycoplasmosis is a disease caused by prokaryotes without a cell wall, which belong to the Mollicutes class
Mycoplasma bovigenitalium and Ureaplasma diversum have been associated with reproductive problems in cattle (Sanderson et al, 2000; Ghanem et al, 2013), but other species of Mycoplasma spp., such as Mycoplasma bovirhinis, Mycoplasma canadense and Mycoplasma bovis, were identified in reproductive disorders (Pfützner and Sachse, 1996; Lysnyansky et al, 2009)
Considering that Mollicute infection in cattle was already diagnosed in herds from to Brazil and that there is commercial transport of these animals between Brazilian states, this study aimed to conduct an epidemiological investigation of Mycoplasma bovigenitalium and Ureaplasma diversum infections in cattle in the microregion of the Ipanema Valley, state of Pernambuco
Summary
Animal mycoplasmosis is a disease caused by prokaryotes without a cell wall, which belong to the Mollicutes class. Mycoplasma bovigenitalium and Ureaplasma diversum have been associated with reproductive problems in cattle (Sanderson et al, 2000; Ghanem et al, 2013), but other species of Mycoplasma spp., such as Mycoplasma bovirhinis, Mycoplasma canadense and Mycoplasma bovis, were identified in reproductive disorders (Pfützner and Sachse, 1996; Lysnyansky et al, 2009). Previous studies indicated that the occurrence of Mollicutes infection associated with reproductive problems in cattle in different countries such as Australia (Argue et al, 2013), Israel (Lysnyansky et al, 2009), and the United States of America (Sanderson et al, 2000). The economic losses are associated with infertility and low reproductive performance (Junqueira et al.,2006; Cardoso and Vasconcelos, 2004)
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