Occurrence of intestinal and urinary parasites among Alkhalawi students, Sudan: A cross-sectional study

Ali Nag,Alabeden Mmaz,Alsadig Aa,Saad Mbea,Bakhit Ha,Ahmed Ab,Ballal Ymy

doi:10.17727/jmsr.2020/8-22

Abstract

Background: Parasitic diseases were some of the leading causes of global mortality with higher burdens of prevalence in developing countries, especially regions of the world where the contaminated water and poor personal hygiene. The purpose of this study to determine the prevalence rate of intestinal and urinary parasites among Alkhalawi students in Rabak city, White Nile State, Sudan. Materials and methods: In this study, 150 stool and 150 urine samples were collected from Alkhalawi students (all were males). The stool samples were processed by wet preparation, formal ether concentration technique and the urine samples were processed by the sedimentation technique. Results: The results revealed that out of the 150 stool and 150 urine samples, 37 were found positive for intestinal and urinary parasites, this constituted an overall prevalence rate of 12.3%. The highest prevalence rate (28%) was reported among the 11-15 years age groups, while the lowest prevalence rate (0%) was reported among the 21-25 years age groups. The prevalence rate of different parasites was as follow: Giardia lamblia (11.3%), Entamoeba histolytica (8%), Hymenolepis nana (2.7%), Schistosoma haematobium (3.3%). The prevalence of intestinal parasites (21.3%) was higher than urinary parasites (3.3%). The study showed that 24% were infected with single infection and 0.6% were infected with mixed infection. Conclusion: From the result we concluded the intestinal and urinary parasites are highly prevalent among the Alkhalawi students in Rabak city. Giardia lamblia is more likely to occur among the Alkhalawi students followed by Entamoeba histolytica. The highest infection rate was reported among the 11-15 years age groups. Formal ether concentration technique proved to be as efficient more than the wet preparation technique.

Highlights

Infection with intestinal parasites remains one of the most common health problems in the world mainly in tropical and subtropical countries [1]
From the result we concluded the intestinal and urinary parasites are highly prevalent among the Alkhalawi students in Rabak city
Giardia lamblia is more likely to occur among the Alkhalawi students followed by Entamoeba histolytica

Summary

Introduction

Infection with intestinal parasites remains one of the most common health problems in the world mainly in tropical and subtropical countries [1]. Intestinal and urinary parasites are distributed worldwide, in the tropical and subtropical areas [3]. The prevalence of these parasites is promoted by several epidemiological factors such as poor sanitation, environmental degradation, ignorance, poor personal and community hygiene, climate condition and other socio-cultural practice such as the use of night soil as fertilizer [4]. Intestinal parasites spread rapidly in areas with poor sanitation and are the most common in tropical developing countries on the African, Asia and South American continents [7]. Parasitic diseases were some of the leading causes of global mortality with higher burdens of prevalence in developing countries, especially regions of the world where the contaminated water and poor personal hygiene. The purpose of this study to determine the prevalence rate of intestinal and urinary parasites among Alkhalawi students in Rabak city, White Nile State, Sudan

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion