Abstract
Under the background of China’s energy structure optimization, environmental protection, energy conservation, and rising pressure of emission reduction, geothermal, as a potential strategic replacement energy, has ushered in new opportunities and challenges. This paper systematically summarizes the domestic achievements in the exploration and development of geothermal resources, analyzes the endowment, distribution, and accumulation mechanism of geothermal resources in China, and points out the main problems existing in the exploration and development of geothermal resources in China. On this basis, it looks forward to China’s urgent geothermal exploration and development work and key technologies to be urgently developed, providing important guidance for China’s geothermal science and technology innovation and rapid industrialization development.
Highlights
Industrial revolutions occur when new types of energy are discovered
A recent economic study published by PricewaterhouseCoopers—The Long View: How Will the Global Economic Order Change by 2050—notes that China will escape from the “middle-income trap” in 2025 and have a total economic output surpassing that of the U.S in 2030 and a per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of 40,000 USD in 2050, four times that of 2020
China has systematically carried out nationwide exploration and evaluation of geothermal resources, clarified the distribution law of hydrothermal geothermal resources in different regions, revealed the mechanism of formation of hydrothermal geothermal resources and dry-hot rock geothermal resources, enriched and perfected the theory of geothermal resources formation, and evaluated the amount of geothermal resources in the country
Summary
Industrial revolutions occur when new types of energy are discovered. The first industrial revolution was based on coal, the second industrial revolution was based on petroleum and natural gas, and the third industrial revolution is based on clean and renewable energy. The annual amount of exploitable SGE within the prefectural and larger level planning areas of 336 cities in China is equivalent to 7 Â 109 t of standard coal, which can be used to heat and cool a total building area of 3.20 Â 1011 m2. Over many years of HDR prospecting, the CGS has achieved marked progress in several areas, such as in understanding the mechanisms of water–rock–gas–heat interaction mechanisms and in developing resource target region identification technologies, reservoir transformation technologies, tracing and monitoring technologies, and high-temperature drilling-related technologies.
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