Abstract
Twelve date palm cultivars were evaluated for resistance to Graphiola leaf spot caused by Graphiola phaenicis (Moug) poit. The disease incidence and number of sori were compared on both surface of leaf, pinnae position on leaves and plant age. Cultivars Gizaz, Tha'al and Khodari showed negligable infection and fewer number of sori on the leaf surface and rachis. Symptom of disease was absent on leaves and rachis in cultivar Sagaee. These cultivars differed significantly from susceptible cultivars Shahree, Soqotree and Khalas (P = 0.01). Abundant distribution of sori caused a drastic reduction of the leaf area covered by the fungus. Adaxial leaf surface trapped more number of sporidia and significant differences were detected among test cultivars (P = 0.05). The temperature ranging between 32°C-38°C in summer and humidity accompanied by heavy dew in the night and early morning favored the development of infection. Correlation of age on cultivar
Highlights
Twelve date palm cultivars were evaluated for resistance to Graphiola leaf spot caused by Graphiola phaenicis (Moug) poit
This study is directed to identify the existing date palm cultivars in southern coastal plain and their susceptibility to false smut disease, and the age of plants in terms of disease incidence
The symptoms exhibited a drastic reduction of the leaf area covered by the fungus
Summary
Present study was conducted during 2006/2007 and involved several visits to date palm orchards in Lahej and Abyan Governorates which constitute the southern coastal plain of the Republic of Yemen. The date palm cultivars in each orchard were identified. Eight trees for each cultivar were randomly selected (Table 1). The number of sori were counted and recorded. Parts of these samples were transported to the laboratory, El Kod Agricultural Research Station for microscopic examination of basidiocarp and sporidia. Readings for incidence of disease for each cultivar were taken by counting the number of infected trees for a given cultivar divided by total number of trees of a given cultivar in the orchard and expressed as percentage. Trees 2, 12, 20, and 70 years old were selected for this study
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