Occurrence of canine hip dysplasia, cranial cruciate ligament rupture and patellar luxation in dogs in a retrospective study of 100 orthopedic cases

Abstract

Canine hip dysplasia (CHD), cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CrCLR) and patellar luxation (PL) are the main causes of lameness in orthopedics of dogs. The present study evaluated dogs with these conditions attended at the Veterinary Unit of the Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR), between the years 2014 and 2018. A 100 charts were analyzed, the animals were divided by weight [w1 (0 - 20 kg), w2 (20.1 - 40 kg), w3 (40.1 - 60 kg), w4 (60.1 - 80 kg)], age [puppy (0-1year), adult (1.1-7 years), aged (> 7 years)], gender, reproductive status (neutered and non-neutered), PL degrees (I to IV), and affected limb. The correlation of the degree of PL with gender was analyzed by Mann Whitney. The degree of PL with weight and age by Kruskal-Wallis. Other data were correlated with the diseases by the Chi-Square Test. In the w1 category, the prevalence of CrCLR and LP was 73.7% and 87%, respectively, while the majority of CHD (65.3%) was found in the w2 category. Most dogs with CHD were male (54.9%), for PL most were female (89%), whereas in CrCLR there was no gender predisposition, as there was no predisposition regarding age and reproductive status for any of the conditions. The highest prevalence of affections was CHD (44%), followed by PL (16%) and CrCLR (8%). Concerning comorbidities, 3% of the cases had CHD, PL and CrCLR, another 3% had CHD and CrCLR, 2% CHD and PL, 24% CrCLR and PL, totalizing 51% of animals with CHD, 38% with CrCLR and 45% with PL. These findings elucidates that CHD, CrCLR and PL can be considered concomitantly in unresolved cases of lameness in pelvic limbs of dogs, therefore tests should be performed to rule out such conditions. The data obtained are similar to the literature consulted, however, prevalence and correlations remain not well understood