Occurrence of Candida albicans in Periodontitis.

Brahim Jabri,Maryem Iken,Mohamed Achmit,Sana Rida,Oum Keltoum Ennibi,Lucio Goncalves

doi:10.1155/2021/5589664

Brahim Jabri, Maryem Iken + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5589664

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Abstract

Background Periodontal diseases are the result of an imbalance between the microbiota and immune defense. The role of yeast in the pathogenesis of these diseases has been studied. This study aims to assess the occurrence of Candida albicans in periodontitis. Materials and Methods Fifty subjects were recruited for the study (15 healthy individuals and 35 periodontitis subjects). The periodontal examination and plaque sampling were carried out for all patients. Candida albicans identification was based on culture, direct examination, and polymerase chain reaction. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results Twenty percent of the diseased group harbored Candida albicans which was slightly higher than in the healthy group (7%), suggesting that, under normal conditions, yeast does not grow easily in subgingival sites. However, no significant difference between the healthy and periodontitis groups (p=0.23) was found. Our results also indicated that the presence of Candida albicans was neither gender nor age related in the studied groups. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that Candida albicans occurs in periodontitis. More studies are needed to clarify the potential role of this yeast in different stages and forms of the disease.

Highlights

Among Candida species, Candida albicans is the most widespread yeast associated with healthy and pathologic oral conditions [1, 2]
Some studies discussed the possible role of viruses [9, 10] and yeasts in periodontitis pathogenesis [11, 12]. us, as the disease breaks through, the periodontal pockets become the receptacle of a large number of microorganisms including C. albicans [6, 13, 14]
7% of the periodontal healthy patients harbored C. albicans in the subgingival plaque. ese results are high in comparison to those reported by Urzua et al [21], which reported a prevalence of 3.57% in a population of 28 healthy subjects [21]

Summary

Introduction

Among Candida species, Candida albicans is the most widespread yeast associated with healthy and pathologic oral conditions [1, 2]. This opportunist microorganism belongs to commensal microflora in the healthy human digestive tract, but can become pathogenic under the influence of general or local favorable factors. Twenty percent of the diseased group harbored Candida albicans which was slightly higher than in the healthy group (7%), suggesting that, under normal conditions, yeast does not grow in subgingival sites. More studies are needed to clarify the potential role of this yeast in different stages and forms of the disease

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion