Occurrence of 2,3-dihydrofarnesoic acid, a spidermite repellent, in trichome secretions of Lycopersicon esculentum × L. hirsutum hybrids

Abstract

The sesquiterpenoid spidermite repellent, 2,3-dihydrofarnesoic acid, occurs in trichome secretions of LA1363, an accession of the wild tomato Lycopersicon hirsutum. To better understand the inheritance of this sesquiterpene acid and its relationship with the quantity trichome secretions, interspecific crosses were made with five inbred lines of L. esculentum. Limited seed set and frequent seedling mortality led to small populations for each generation. Concentrations of residues in leaflet washes, comprised of trichome secretions and concentrations of 2,3-dihydrofarnsoic acids were determined in F1, F2 and backcross generations. Low concentrations of this acid occurred in F1 hybrids, suggesting there was dominance for low levels of the acid. However, concentrations of 2,3-dihydrofarnesoic acid were below minimum levels of detection in two backcross generations and in one of two F2 generations. Concentrations of leaflet wash residues were high on the L. hirsutum parent and low on the L. esculentum parents. Concentrations on hybrids were generally intermediate. However, high residue concentrations were present on a few F1 and F2 hybrids, Residue and 2,3-dihydrofarnesoic acid concentrations were not correlated in F1 or in backcross generations and were uncorrelated in one of two F2 generations. In the F2 obtained by sib-mating, residue concentrations were correlated with 2,3-dihydrofarnesoic acid concentrations. Although small population sizes and perhaps other factors did not allow delineation of genetic control of the presence or abundance of 2,3-dihydrofarnesoic acid, interspecific hybrids that produce 2,3-dihydrofarnesoic acid provide the experimental plants essential for research designed to provide a better understanding of the role of 2,3-dihydrofarnesoic acid in host-plant resistance of tomato to mites and insects.