Occurrence and genetic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato from domestic animals in Central Iran

Bahador Hajimohammadi,Mehrnoosh Nabizadeh Ardekani,Maryam Sheykhzadegan,Mohammad Javad Boozhmehrani,Abdolhossein Dalimi,Sajad Zandi,Gilda Eslami,Mahmood Vakili,Mohammad Javad Ranjbar,Vahideh Askari,Ahmad Baghbani,Hamed Ghoshouni,Saeedeh Sadat Hosseini,Salman Ahmadian

doi:10.1186/s12917-021-03131-1

Bahador Hajimohammadi, Mehrnoosh Nabizadeh Ardekani + Show 12 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-03131-1

Copy DOI

Abstract

BackgroundThe species complex of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) causes cystic echinococcosis distributed worldwide. There is no genotype information from hydatid cysts in the intermediate hosts in Central Iran. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the hydatid cysts in livestock slaughtered in an abattoir in this region. Six hundred fifty-seven hydatid cysts were isolated from 97 animals, including sheep, cattle, camels, and goats slaughtered in Yazd abattoir from September 2018 to January 2020. The demographic data was collected as well as cyst location, fertility, and viability. Out of 657 samples, 164 samples were genotyped. Then, phylogenetic analysis was performed using MEGAX. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 16.0 by chi-square with a significant difference of less than 0.05.ResultsOut of 164 samples, the G1-G3 complex genotype had the most frequency in samples, with 135 cases recognized. The G6/G7 was observed in 19 isolates and G5 was reported in nine samples. One sample was detected as Taenia hydatigena.ConclusionsThis study showed that G1-G3 and G6/G7 genotypes were presented in all animals, but G5 was reported only in cattle, goats, and camels. It is the first molecular identification of cystic echinococcosis in Central Iran. Hence, reporting G5 in livestock in this area should be considered due to transmission to humans.

Highlights

The species complex of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) causes cystic echinococcosis distributed worldwide
E. granulosus s.l. is composed of distinct genotypes that are divided into E. granulosus sensu stricto, E. equinus (G4 found in horses), E. ortleppi (G5 in cattle), and E. canadensis (G6/G7, G8, and G10) [4]
The hydatid cysts included in this study were obtained from livestock, including sheep, camels, goats, and cattle

Summary

Introduction

The species complex of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) causes cystic echinococcosis distributed worldwide. There is no genotype information from hydatid cysts in the intermediate hosts in Central Iran. In this study, we analyzed the hydatid cysts in livestock slaughtered in an abattoir in this region. Six hundred fifty-seven hydatid cysts were isolated from 97 animals, including sheep, cattle, camels, and goats slaughtered in Yazd abattoir from September 2018 to January 2020. The species complex of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is a parasite causing cystic echinococcosis (CE) [1]. Echinococcosis is one of the most important tropical diseases worldwide distribution due to its remarkable economic damages [2]. Several slaughterhouses in Iran have a total prevalence of 5–72% in sheep, 11.4–70% in camels, 3.5–38% in cattle, and 1.7–20% in goats [9,10,11]

Results

Discussion

Conclusion