Occurrence and abundance of cereal nematodes in Konya and Karaman Provinces in Turkey

Abstract

Distribution and populations of cereal nematodes in Konya and Karaman Provinces were investigated in 2016 and 2017. Root lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953, Pratylenchus neglectus Rensch, 1924 and Pratylenchus vulnus Allen & Jensen, 1951 (Tylenchida, Pratylenchidae), were found at 69, 7 and 17 locations, respectively. Cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) Stelter, 1984 (Tylenchida, Heteroderidae), was found at 33 locations. Stem and bulb nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn, 1857) Filipjev, 1936 (Tylenchida, Anguinidae), was not found in any samples. Pratylenchus spp. were found in 40.5% (6±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil -1 ) and Heterodera spp. in 29% (3±1cysts 250 g dry soil -1 ) of the soil samples. Ditylenchus spp. (32.6%, 18±3 nematodes 100 g dry soil -1 ) and Tylenchus spp. (21.4%; 12±3 nematodes 100 g dry soil -1 ) were widely distributed. Paratylenchus spp. (0.9%; 1±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil -1 ) and Pratylenchoides spp. (0.5%; 1±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil -1 ) were found in few locations and in low abundance. Aphelenchus spp. (39.1%; 33±5 nematodes 100 g dry soil -1 ) and Aphelenchoides spp. (51.2%; 52±7 nematodes 100 g dry soil -1 ) were identified as the fungal-feeding nematodes. Acrobeloides (65.1%; 109±13 nematodes 100 g dry soil -1 ) and Cephalobus (19.1%; 7±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil -1 ) were the most abundant bacterial-feeding nematode genera.