Occupation-based group programs in the inpatient hospital rehabilitation setting: a scoping review

Abstract

Purpose Occupation-based practice involves the inclusion of meaningful occupations in the therapeutic process and is promoted within hospital-based general rehabilitation contexts for individual clients or within a group setting. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the current literature regarding the types of occupation-based group programs used within general inpatient rehabilitation and the reported outcomes. Methods A scoping review was conducted and included papers if they described an occupation-based intervention, delivered in a group setting, conducted in an inpatient rehabilitation hospital context, with an adult population. Studies were collated, summarized and key findings are presented. Results Ten articles met inclusion criteria. The results indicate that occupation-based groups are used in inpatient rehabilitation across a variety of settings, the approach is valued by the occupational therapy profession and it appears to have an influence on patient satisfaction and experience. However, the impact on a patient’s confidence and occupational performance outcomes post-inpatient rehabilitation remains unclear. Conclusions There is a dearth of evidence on the impact of occupation-based group service focus in the inpatient rehabilitation setting. Considering the importance of occupation to the profession, further investigation into the use of this approach in a group setting is required. Implications for rehabilitation Occupation-based groups are used in inpatient rehabilitation to achieve more therapy time but there is variability in group processes and outcomes measured. Patient centred occupation-based groups appear to have an influence on patient satisfaction and experience. For the occupation-based groups reviewed, providing explicit links between patient goals, therapeutic activity and real life was important for improving outcomes. There is a growing focus for the use of occupation-based groups in occupational therapy and more research is needed to establish effectiveness.