Abstract
Problem statement: Work and family are the two most important aspects in women's lives. Balancing work and family roles has become a key personal and family issue for many societies. There are many facets in working mother's lives that subj ect to stresses. They deal with home and family issues as well as job stress on a daily basis. Imba lance between work and family life arises due to a number of factors. Various factors appear to streng then the brunt of pressure on women. The question was raised whether there is a relationship between occupational stress and family difficulties of working women in Iran. Approach: The purpose of this study was to assess the relati onships between occupational stress and family difficulties in work ing women. A sample of 250 married working women with 2 or more children participated in this study during 2010 in one of the largest city of Ira n, Ahvaz. A non-experimental, cross-sectional survey d esign was conducted using Demographic Information form, The Sources of Work Stress Inventory (SWSI) and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales-II (FACES-II). Results: Using correlation and regression analysis, results suggested that there were significant positive rela tionship between levels of occupational stress and family difficulties in working women. Conclusion/Recommendation: Regarding to woman's household tasks and families responsibility, it is important to measure the level of occupational stre ss in working women and assess relation between occupational stress and family difficulties in order to obtain knowledge for health care providers to provi de support to the working women and their families. There is a great need for research on wor king women, especially concerning the impact and occurrence of job stress on children mental health. Longitudinal data on young childbearing families are needed to examine the complex issues of work-fa mily surrounding the family in today's world.
Highlights
Balancing work and family roles has become a key personal and family issue for many societies
The major responsibility of women has been perceived to be the maintenance of the family including home and childcare and breadwinning was the main responsibility of men
The current study mainly aims at demonstrating job situation for working women and, stresses and difficulties that women experience
Summary
Balancing work and family roles has become a key personal and family issue for many societies. In all countries the economic development requires an integration of both male and female labor forces. That is men and women both have to contribute to development process of the country as the labor of women contributes to economic growth and poverty reduction. The major responsibility of women has been perceived to be the maintenance of the family including home and childcare and breadwinning was the main responsibility of men. With more and more women entering the workforce and pursuing careers, these clearly defined gender roles were forced to change (Sevim, 2006). Most women do not have responsibility only in one domain anymore; they have to balance the competing demands of both work and family domains (Biçaksiz, 2009)
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