Abstract
Occupational future time perspective (OFTP) describes people’s perceptions of their future in the work context. In this study, we examined the psychometric properties of a Spanish OFTP scale (OFTP-SP). Data came from two samples of workers in Spain aged between 21 and 62 years (Study 1; N = 496) and between 40 and 70 years (Study 2; N = 386). In Study 1, we conducted descriptive analyses for the items and exploratory factor analysis. In Study 2, we conducted confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). Convergent validity of the OFTP-SP was examined based on relationships with employees’ motivation to continue working and retirement intentions. Results showed that reliability estimates were adequate, and hypotheses regarding the convergent validity for the three factors of the OFTP-SP (i.e., perceived remaining time, focus on opportunities, focus on limitations) were supported. The OFTP-SP is a psychometrically sound measure that can be used in future research on work and aging.
Highlights
In the context of demographic, social, and economic changes, many governments are lifting retirement ages or making retirement entry more flexible (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD], 2018)
We explore the convergent validity of Occupational future time perspective (OFTP) for late career development indicators, that is, motivation to continue working and retirement intentions
We found that the three factors of the OFTPSP were significantly associated with the motivation to continue working and retirement intentions in the sample of workers over 40 years old
Summary
In the context of demographic, social, and economic changes, many governments are lifting retirement ages or making retirement entry more flexible (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD], 2018). The extension of working lives offers an opportunity for late career development to older workers. Occupational future time perspective (hereafter, OFTP) has emerged as a relevant construct to predict important work outcomes, such as job satisfaction, work engagement, and performance (Zacher and Frese, 2009, 2011; Zacher, 2013). Despite the growing body of empirical research, a systematic review (Henry et al, 2017), and a recent meta-analysis on OFTP (Rudolph et al, 2018), two caveats should be highlighted. Most empirical studies were conducted with English-, German-, or Dutchspeaking samples, whereas no research has focused on workers in Spain, nor has a Spanish OFTP scale been developed. The negative association between age and OFTP has been firmly established (Henry et al, 2017; Rudolph et al, 2018), but associations of OFTP with both for motivation to continue working and retirement intentions have so far been neglected
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