Occupational Cataracts and Lens Opacities in interventional Cardiology (O’CLOC Study)

Abstract

AbstractPurpose Interventional cardiologists ‐ ICs, are exposed to ionizing radiations (X‐rays), which may induce early cataracts known as radiation‐induced cataracts. To test the existence of an increased risk of cataracts among ICs, the O'CLOC study was performed in France.Methods This study is a cross‐sectional study including an exposed group of ICs and a comparable unexposed group of non medical workers. Individual information on risk factors of cataracts (age, diabetes, myopia, etc. ...) and catheterization laboratory activity for ICs, were collected during a phone interview. Clinical eye examination including papillary dilatation and slit lamp examination was performed. LOCS III classification was used to detect lens opacities (nuclear, cortical or posterior subcapsular)Results The study included 106 ICs (mean age=51.1±7.3 yrs.) and 99 unexposed people (mean age =49.6±6.7 yrs.). There was no significant difference between both groups in terms of sex ratio, BMI, smoking status, diabetes, myopia, corticosteroids use. Regarding nuclear and cortical lens opacities, no significant difference was observed: 61% for ICs vs. 69% for unexposed group, p=0.23, and 23% for ICs vs. 29% for unexposed group, p=0.29, respectively. In contrast, posterior subcapsular lens opacities were significantly more frequent among ICs (17% vs. 5%, p = 0.006), corresponding to a crude OR=3.89 [1.39–10.93] which remained significant even after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, diabetes, myopia and corticosteroids use (OR=3.85 [1.30–11.40], p=0.015).Conclusion In order to limit the exposure to the eyes and the risk of radiation‐induced cataract, we recommend ICs to wear lead glasses and use protective equipment against X‐rays.