Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the role of occupation-related physical activities in the osteoarthritis of the knee. The study was conducted on 87 female patients from September 2016 to August 2017. The same number of healthy females of the same age group were included as a control. Data was collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, enquiring about demographic data and details of risk factors. There were statistically significant (p<0.05) changes in the occupation-related physical activities like sustained knee bending, climbing stairs (>10 flights/day), kneeling (>30 min/day), squatting (>30 min/day), in patients when compared to the control group. However, there were no significant changes in other occupation-related physical activities. Obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) patients were found 29.9% in the patient and 17.2% in the control group. Patients with a positive family history of osteoarthritis of the knee were 13.8% in the case group and 3.4% in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between the two groups. In conclusion, occupation-related physical activities like sustained knee bending, climbing stairs, kneeling and squatting had a significant association with osteoarthritis of the knee in the female.
Highlights
Osteoarthritis of the knee is the most common form of joint disease and among the top 10 causes of disability worldwide.[1]
Multiple factors are responsible in the etiology of osteoarthritis of the knee including generalized constitutional factors for example- age, sex, obesity, heredity, reproductive variables and local adverse mechanical factors for example- trauma, occupational and recreational usage, alignment.[3, 4]
This study reveals sustained knee bending, climbing stairs, kneeling, squatting were important in the development of osteoarthritis of the knee in the female
Summary
Osteoarthritis of the knee is the most common form of joint disease and among the top 10 causes of disability worldwide.[1] It’s a degenerative joint disease, occurring primarily in older individuals, characterized by erosion of the articular cartilage, hypertrophy of bone at the margins, subchondral sclerosis, and a range of biochemical and morphological alterations of the synovial membrane and joint capsule.[2]. It is important to identify the risk factors for the development of strategies for primary and secondary prevention of osteoarthritis of the knee.[6]. The occupational activities that causing osteoarthritis of the knee by frequent exposure to several biomechanical stressors are heavy physical workload, bending of the knee, regular stair climbing, kneeling, squatting, sitting, standing ≥2 hours per day, walking ≥3 km/day, jumping and vibration.[7,8,9,10,11] Multiple factors are responsible in the etiology of osteoarthritis of the knee including generalized constitutional factors for example- age, sex, obesity, heredity, reproductive variables and local adverse mechanical factors for example- trauma, occupational and recreational usage, alignment.[3, 4] In a family-based study, the heritability of osteoarthritis ranges between 43% at the knee to 60% and 65% at the hip and hand, respectively.[5]
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