Abstract
Egypt maintains the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection, affecting an estimated 15%–20% of the population, new cases reported, so we search about uncommon source of hepatitis C virus infection. Occult hepatitis C Virus infection can be detected and founded in the overall public obviously haven’t any diseases, Detection of viral replication in PBMCs may increase spread and transmission of hepatitis C virus during blood transfusion, hemodialysis, and made liver disease development in occult Hepatitis C Virus infected individual. The present study aimed to detect the occult hepatitis C virus infection in healthy blood donors from Damietta-Egypt, And detection of Hepatitis C Virus core antigen. One hundred and fifty blood donors from El-Azhar University Hospital blood bank in New Damietta City were used into the present study. Detection of Hepatitis C Virus RNA in Peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMCs) and plasma by reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and also detection of hepatitis C virus core antigen from plasma by ELISA. We founded that: Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA by nested PCR from PBMC among studied donors are eleven (7.9%) on the other hand Hepatitis C Virus RNA in plasma are two (1.4%) so occult C virus are 9/140 (6.4%). By comparison between results of Hepatitis C Virus core Ag and PCR evidence sensitivity 27%, specificity 98.4% in PBMC and sensitivity 100%, specificity 97.8% in Plasma.
Highlights
Hepatitis C Virus diagnosed by detects presence of Hepatitis C Virus antibodies [1] with or without detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in serum and plasma [2]
We show that 55% of hepatitis C virus positive cases concentrated in age group (35-45years) and it was statistically significant, P. value=0.043 and 73% of positive cases were from rural residence but was insignificant
This study found that the Prevalence of hepatitis C virus core antigen by ELISA technique among studied blood donors for detection of hepatitis C virus was five (3.6%) and this result was near to result reported by and Obeid (2004) [29] who detect hepatitis C virus core Ag (2%) in negative blood donors sample, at King Fahd University Hospital
Summary
Hepatitis C Virus diagnosed by detects presence of Hepatitis C Virus antibodies [1] with or without detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in serum and plasma [2]. Occult hepatitis C virus is a (diverse) than hepatitis C virus was first described in 2004 and defined as the detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in the liver or PBMCs of patients whose serum tests tried negative for hepatitis C virus RNA by ordinary PCR examines, even presence or absence hepatitis C virus antibodies [3]. During the seroconversion period and before presence of antibodies we can use hepatitis C virus core Ag for detection hepatitis C virus [9, 10], in plasma or blood transfusion in many countries [11]
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