Occlusal contacts of the natural teeth

Abstract

The areas of contact between the mandibular and maxillary teeth are critical in helping control the occlusion. They affect the amount and direction of force against the teeth and the periodontium. In addition, they determine how efficiently the forces are expended. The significant aspects of the occlusal contacts of the posterior teeth are: the mandibular position and excursion at the time of their occurrence and their location, size, distribution, and, possibly, number. If the occlusal forces produce unfavorable occlusal contacts and if the periodontal structures are susceptible, trauma from occlusion will occur. This can result in advanced bone loss and excessive mobility of the teeth. The occlusion is most favorable when the contacts are small and arranged symmetrically and when the forces are directed in a vertical direction, along the long axis of the tooth.