Abstract
The article is a review of disorders associated with lesions in the occipital lobes and their pathways. The article stresses that the disorders can not be reduced only to the cortical blindness, as the problem has a more comprehensive nature. The article considers the mechanisms of disorders related to perception of colors and shapes of objects, movements, as well as achromatopia, prosopagnosia, topographagnosia, akinetopsia, mnestic and other pathologies. The focus is on the results of current methods of functional neuroimaging that allowed to better understand the mechanisms for the developmental of such disorders. For patients with such vascular or primary degenerative disorders, there are chances for a certain recovery of the lost functions, which is associated with the processes of neuroplasticity. The outcomes could also be improved by non-pharmacological methods and a number of medications that improve the oxidation/reduction processes, particularly actovegin.
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