조직시민행동(OCB)의 수행동기: Q방법론의 적용

Abstract

OCB(organizational citizenship behavior) is a employee behavior that goes above and beyond the call of duty, that is discretionary and not explicitly recognized by the employing organization`s formal reward system, and that contributes to organizational effectiveness. In a word, OCB has great potential as a organizational slack. As such, researchers have been showing great interest in the antecedents of OCB, and as a result, now we can meet so many antecedents of OCB from individual level variables to group or organizational level variables that are said to be important in explaining OCB. Additionally each of these variables is known to have its own sound logic and statistically significant effect on OCB. However the results of these studies are so fragmented that researchers have a great difficulty in drawing some meaningful or coherent conclusions. In this context, we try to applicate Q-methodology to find more coherent way of explaining the motives of OCB, and briefly speaking, we find four types of the motives of OCB, that is norm-based, instrumentality-based, trait-based, and avoidance-based type. Among these the last avoidance-based type is especially interesting, because we can`t find any remarks on this type in the previous studies. The paper ends with suggestions for future research directions. We expect that these suggestions could be a foundation on which more developed and coherent OCB theories stand. We don`t see this approach supplanting earlier efforts; rather we believe this can offer more detailed explanation in addition to those provided by other approaches.