Obtaining stabilized concentrated fuel emulsions with a mixed organic phase

Abstract

The work is devoted to obtaining concentrated water-in-oil emulsions (emulsions of II type, inverse emulsions) with a mixed organic phase (hydrocarbons from diesel fuel and fusel oil), stabilized by surface-active compositions based on carboxylic acids and amine-containing compounds. The use of water-fuel emulsions based on liquid hydrocarbons is promising for reduction of costs in the petrochemical industry, energy saving increase and improvement of the environment by disposing of waste from alcohols distillation. The emulsions do not lose quality during long-term storage and are able to burn with high thermal efficiency. The synthesized surfactants used as emulsion stabilizers were studied by IR spectroscopy. For them, the surface tension isotherms were obtained by the tensiometric method, their colloid-chemical characteristics were determined (the critical concentration of micellization and the corresponding surface tension of an aqueous solution, the maximum adsorption at the solution-air interface, the Gibbs free energy of adsorption, the area per molecule or ion in the surface layer, hydrophilic-lipophilic balance), their emulsifying ability was evaluated. Visual microscopic observation of the structure of the obtained emulsions was carried out. The stability of emulsions at various temperatures and during long-term storage has been studied.