Abstract
The article considers the production of red blood cell “ghosts” and their application as a model for studying Na+, K+ - ATPase. Various variants of liposomes are used as test objects for studying ion transport, but the best model of biological membranes for studying ion transport and ATPase pumps are the «ghosts» of red blood cells. The activity of blood Na+/K+ - ATPase is determined mainly in the suspension of red blood cell “ghosts”. This is due to the need to remove the interfering compound – hemoglobin - and obtain “ghosts” that are necessary for accurate measurement of the activity of the enzyme. In this scientific work, studies were conducted to determine the concentrations of Na+ and K+ ions in the blood and red blood cells of cows and calves of various ages by atomic absorption and atomic emission spectroscopy. The values of these concentrations of Na+ and K+ ions were used to obtain red blood cell “ghosts”. “Ghosts” of red blood cells with a set concentration of sodium and potassium ions were obtained by the method of J. T. Dodge, in the modification of Zhumadilov Zh. Sh. and Gening T. P. and in our modification. Studies of the concentration of Na+ and K+ ions in the obtained «ghosts» of red blood cells showed their full compliance with the calculated values.
Highlights
The ionic composition of the intracellular environment differs from the ionic composition of the environment.This is most typical of monovalent sodium and potassium cations.Ionic asymmetry is used for the transport of sugars, amino acids, organic acids and other compounds into the cell and the removal of metabolic products from it, the generation of excitation in nerve and muscle cells, the transmission of a hormonal signal, and many other processes.The erythrocyte membrane is composed by 60% of phospholipids, essentially phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin and phosphatidylserine
Various variants of liposomes are used as test objects for studying ion transport, but the best model of biological membranes for studying ion transport and ATPase pumps are the «ghosts» of red blood cells
Analysis of this figure shows that the highest content of Na+ and K+ in the «ghosts» of red blood cells of cows of mothers, less is in the «ghosts» of red blood cells of calves at the age of 3-4 months, and the lowest their content is in calves at the age of 6 days
Summary
The ionic composition of the intracellular environment differs from the ionic composition of the environment.This is most typical of monovalent sodium and potassium cations.Ionic asymmetry is used for the transport of sugars, amino acids, organic acids and other compounds into the cell and the removal of metabolic products from it, the generation of excitation in nerve and muscle cells, the transmission of a hormonal signal, and many other processes.The erythrocyte membrane is composed by 60% of phospholipids, essentially phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin and phosphatidylserine. The ionic composition of the intracellular environment differs from the ionic composition of the environment. This is most typical of monovalent sodium and potassium cations. The erythrocyte membrane is composed by 60% of phospholipids, essentially phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin and phosphatidylserine. It has some phospholipidic minor components such as phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine. At the physiologic pH, the majority of phospholipid content is electrically neutral, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine are negatively charged. With the exception of sphingomyelin and lysophosphatidylcholine, the bulk of phospholipids have two fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol backbone
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