Abstract
Respiratory disorders during sleep have as a general characteristic the alteration of the respiratory cycle while sleeping. The most outstanding characteristic of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSA) is the partial (hypopnea) or total (apnea) obstruction of the upper airway that occurs repeatedly during sleep. The OSA is global public health issue. When it is not treated, OSA represents a cost two or three times higher of the institutional resources for health. Studies conducted in different countries indicate that the prevalence of the OSA goes from 2% to 10% in general population. The OSA is a serious sleep disorder that has negative implications on multiple systems of the organism. It is associated with hypertension, diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. When OSA coexists with a heart disease or ischemic heart disease, it significantly raises the probability of a heart failure. The use of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is so far the most effective method for OSA treatment. Intervention at different levels (physiological, educational and psychological intervention) appears to be important in adherence to CPAP treatment.
Highlights
The Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSA) is global public health issue [1]-[3]
OSA treatment with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is useful only for the night that is used, improving respiratory condition while the person is asleep, which allows the increase of sleep efficiency, some patients have troubles adhering to this treatment, which reduces its effectiveness, which is why health psychology comes to play a role of great importance
CPAP adherence data indicates that the initial stage of treatment, at least in the first week is a critical period in which patients decide whether to continue or not using it [58]
Summary
The OSA is global public health issue [1]-[3]. When it is not detected and treated opportunely, OSA represents an expense two or three times higher of the institutional resources in health [4] [5]. (2015) Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Implications on Health and Adherence to CPAP Treatment. The actual outlook suggests that there is still much to be done, which in turn suggests the need of forming more professionals specialized in the study of sleep, the reduction of time and costs of diagnosis, and increase treatment adherence strategies [6]
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