Abstract
AbstractThe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) reduces attention span, memory and concentration capacities, all associated with cognition. The analysis of the auditory P300 parameters could help infer cognitive dysfunction. ObjectiveTo compare the data from polysomnography and the auditory P300 in adults, primary snorers with OSAS patients. Materials and MethodsProspective study with primary snorers (N=12) and in OSAS patients (N=54), submitted to polysomnography, defined by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). The polysomnography and P300 variables were compared by the t-Student test, the Exact Fisher's Test, logistic regression and analysis of correlation with a significance level of 5%. ResultsAIH had an inverse correlation with the oximetry in both groups. The P300 prevalence was lower in the OSAS group (Fisher's Exact Test, p=0.027). Patient age did not influence the P300 prevalence (regression analysis; p=0.232). The P300 amplitude was lower in the OSAS group (t-Student test; p=0.003) and the P300 latency was similar in both groups (t-Student test; p=0.89). ConclusionThe reduction in the P300 amplitude in patients with OSAS suggests cognitive dysfunction induced by a reduction in auditory memory.
Highlights
The Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) – causes a change to normal sleep architecture, with sleep fragmentation, hypoxia and frequent awakenings
The P300 amplitude was lower in the OSAS group (t-Student test; p=0.003) and the P300 latency was similar in both groups (t-Student test; p=0.89)
The reduction in the P300 amplitude in patients with OSAS suggests cognitive dysfunction induced by a reduction in auditory memory
Summary
The Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) – causes a change to normal sleep architecture, with sleep fragmentation, hypoxia and frequent awakenings. Chronic sleep deprivation and fragmentation reduce its restorative capacity, induce excessive daily sleepiness, and reduce attention span, reduce memory and concentration, amongst other symptoms. Memory and concentration capacity are closely related to cognition[1]. The auditory P300 is an electrophysiological event, depending on a previous acoustic experience, and it is a sensorial perception brain process. It is triggered by the individual’s reaction to a previously established acoustic stimulus, it reflects the conscious interaction of the auditory system with the somatosensorial cortical area and requires the active mental participation of the patient. The P300 - known as a neuropsychobiological event – one can infer about the cognitive function in an objective fashion[2,3]
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