Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate obstetric, maternal, and neonatal outcomes in COVID-19 compared to healthy pregnant women in Iran.ResultsA case-control study was conducted on 55 COVID-19 as the case and 55 matched control pregnant women in Hormozgan, Iran. Patients were considered to be cases if they had a positive COVID-19 test plus a positive chest X-ray result. Our measures were COVID-19 symptoms, including laboratory evaluations, clinical symptoms, and maternal and neonatal outcomes.The most prevalent symptoms related to COVID-19 were fever (69.09%) and cough (58.18%). Less common symptoms included fatigue, diarrhea, shortness of breath, sore throat, and myalgia. Hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine (58.18%) and antibiotic therapy (45.45%) were the most prevalent management in COVID-19 patients. Based on our findings, maternal and obstetric outcomes—neonatal in case groups—such as mode of delivery, premature rupture of membrane, postpartum hemorrhage, perineal resection rate, neonates’ birth weight, Apgar score, and neonatal asphyxia rate were similar to pregnant women without COVID-19. We observed a higher incidence rate of premature delivery in COVID-19 cases (25 vs. 10%) (p < 0.05). In the present study, we found that women with COVID-19 had a more than twofold increased odds of preterm labor. History of preterm delivery was also associated with high twofold odds of preterm labor.ConclusionWe observed a higher incidence rate of premature delivery in COVID-19 cases. Women with COVID-19 had a more than twofold increased odds of preterm labor. Considering prematurity has high morbidity and is regarded as the primary cause of mortality in children under 5 years old, more case-control studies are needed to ascertain the results.
Highlights
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate obstetric, maternal, and neonatal outcomes in COVID-19 compared to healthy pregnant women in Iran
Laboratory findings, and management of COVID-19 The most prevalent symptoms related to COVID-19 were fever (69.09%) and cough (58.18%)
We found that women with COVID-19 had a more than twofold increased odds of preterm labor
Summary
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate obstetric, maternal, and neonatal outcomes in COVID-19 compared to healthy pregnant women in Iran. Mothers with COVID-19 are at risk for preterm birth [3, 4, 6, 8, 9], abortion [3, 9], premature rupture of membranes [1, 4, 8], preeclampsia [1, 9], cesarean [4, 7, 9], fetal distress [1, 4, 6], prenatal dead [9, 10], and admission in NICU [9, 10], and preterm delivery is known as the most common adverse outcome of pregnancy [9]. These complications can be attributed to viral infections as well as physiological changes that reduce a pregnant woman’s tolerance for hypoxia in late pregnancy [10]. The aim of this study was to compare obstetric, maternal, and neonatal outcomes in women with COVID-19 with healthy pregnant women
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