Obstetric and perinatal outcomes after a new coronavirus infection in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy

Abstract

Introduction. The management of pregnant women in the conditions of the spread of a new coronavirus infection has become a priority task for doctors of all specialties, since it is with this pathology that an increase in the frequency of unfavorable gestation outcomes is currently associated.The aim of the study: to study obstetric and perinatal outcomes after a new coronavirus infection in the I and II trimesters of pregnancy.Objective. To study the features of the course of pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal outcomes in ICI, depending on the method of delivery.Materials and methods. A comparative study of the birth histories of women after coronavirus infection in 2021 was carried out. Group 1 (n = 26) consisted of patients with COVID-19 infection in the first trimester, group 2 (n = 30) – in the second trimester. The 3rd group is represented by relatively healthy women (n = 35). Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 7.0, SPSS 17 packages, as well as the statistical functions of MS Excel 2013.Results and discussion. The course of pregnancy after COVID-19 infection suffered in the first and second trimesters is associated with an increased risk of placental insufficiency (26.9 and 30%, respectively), the development of sympthoms of threatening termination (61.5 and 46.7%), anemia (38.5 and 43.3%), gestational hypertension (15.4 and 16.7%), bacterial vaginosis (19.2 and 20.0%), premature rupture of fetal membranes (34.6 and 16.7%), with the prevalence of urgent labor, but an increase in premature (13.3%) and operative labor (36.7%) with the manifestation of the disease in the second trimester. Newborns of mothers with COVID-19 infection are more often born in a state of asphyxia (65.4 and 53.3%). The structure of perinatal pathology is dominated by cerebral ischemia (42.3 and 40%), perinatal hypoxic damage to the central nervous system (19.2 and 23.3%), neonatal jaundice (11.5 and 23.3%), intrauterine pneumonia (15.4 and 10.0%), congenital malformations (7.7 and 30.0%; p1-2 = 0.04).Conclusion. The results of the study once again have confirmed the need for further study of the problem in order to find measures to reduce obstetric and perinatal complications in women after COVID-19 infection.