Abstract
Observations on the biology and ecology of Neodiprion nanulus contortae Ross in northwestern Montana are reported. This sawfly is known from Oregon, Idaho, and Montana, U.S.A. and Alberta, Canada where it feeds on lodgepole and ponderosa pine. N. n. contortae occasionally reaches epidemic levels causing significant defoliation. Seasonal history is similar to that described for N. n. nanulus in Wisconsin. There is 1 generation a year with winter being passed in the egg stage. Larvae feed in June and early July on older needles. Adult emergence occurs from mid-September to mid-October. Notes on occurrence of outbreaks, natural enemies and effect on hosts are presented.
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