Abstract
The article compares data obtained in road tests with the latest legislative proposals relating to various applications of internal combustion engines. Passenger car emission tests have been performed several times on the same test route in accordance with the RDE procedure guidelines, for which a dozen or so criteria must be met, including the distance of each of the drive sections, their in the drive time and the dynamic characteristics of the drive. The analysis was also based on a two-dimensional operating density characterization, presented in the vehicle speed-acceleration coordinates. As a result, it was possible to compare dynamic properties, operating time density and, thus, to check the validity of conducted drive tests in terms of their feasibility and emission values. An exhaust emission related comparison of three types of powertrain have been presented: gasoline, diesel and hybrid in the RDE tests. The authors proposed a new form of presenting the road exhaust emissions results in relation to the carbon dioxide emission, referred to as a standardization of the emission results. The exhaust emissions from city buses fitted with different powertrains tested on an actual bus route and in the SORT test were also compared.
Highlights
A trend towards a more global consideration of environmental threats from the automotive industry can be observed
The key technological factors for the development of internal combustion engines can be assessed in three aspects [19, 26, 29,30,31,32]: − exhaust emission tests in RDE (Real Driving Emissions) traffic conditions, which results in the extension of the repeatable dynamometer tests by tests performed in various road conditions (Fig. 2), − lowering the limit values of carbon dioxide emission will cause electrification of vehicle drives, which will force conventional combustion engines to reduce fuel consumption and increase their efficiency, − lower exhaust emissions limits of harmful compounds result in a further reduction of NOx emissions for Diesel engines, while for SI engines with direct fuel injection a significant issue is the reduction of the number of particles
Having a developed concept and research methodology for measuring exhaust emissions in real operating conditions for all means of transport equipped with combustion engines, using on-board diagnostics systems and measuring emissions while driving, is a modern achievement
Summary
Observations from PEMS testing of combustion engines of different applications The article compares data obtained in road tests with the latest legislative proposals relating to various applications of internal combustion engines. Passenger car emission tests have been performed several times on the same test route in accordance with the RDE procedure guidelines, for which a dozen or so criteria must be met, including the distance of each of the drive sections, their in the drive time and the dynamic characteristics of the drive. It was possible to compare dynamic properties, operating time density and, to check the validity of conducted drive tests in terms of their feasibility and emission values. An exhaust emission related comparison of three types of powertrain have been presented: gasoline, diesel and hybrid in the RDE tests. The exhaust emissions from city buses fitted with different powertrains tested on an actual bus route and in the SORT test were compared
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