Abstract
As the offshore wind industry moves toward larger wind turbines and deeper water, wave-induced loads on large-diameter monopiles are of increasing importance for ultimate limit state design checks. The combination of a relatively large diameter with steep waves in intermediate water depth presents challenges for numerical methods, and small-scale hydrodynamic testing of monopiles is therefore a necessary step in reducing the uncertainties in numerical analyses. Here, we aim to summarize the experimental observations in a new set of tests carried out with a flexible monopile wind turbine, and to understand the similarities and differences between these results and previous studies. Compared to previous studies, the present tests consider a larger monopile diameter and hub height, and include a larger number of realizations and repetitions. The distribution of extreme values and the contributions from different structural modes are studied. These experimental results provide insight into the physical effects which must be accurately captured by numerical tools that are used in design.
Highlights
As the offshore wind industry moves toward larger wind turbines and deeper water, wave-induced loads on large-diameter monopiles are of increasing importance for ultimate limit state design checks
We aim to summarize the experimental observations in a new set of tests carried out with a flexible monopile wind turbine, and to understand the similarities and differences between these results and previous studies
As the offshore wind industry moves toward larger wind turbines in deeper water, wave-induced responses of large-diameter monopiles are of increasing importance for ultimate limit state design checks
Summary
As the offshore wind industry moves toward larger wind turbines in deeper water, wave-induced responses of large-diameter monopiles are of increasing importance for ultimate limit state design checks. While some advances have been made toward better numerical models, there is still a need for highquality validation data to better understand the nonlinear wave loads in irregular wave conditions. This problem can be studied experimentally using a rigid monopile model, where the hydrodynamic loads on the model are measured directly [3,4,5], a model that pitches
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