Abstract
Spatial interference of quantum mechanical particles exhibits a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics. A two-mode entangled state of N particles known as N00N state can give rise to non-classical interference. We report the first experimental observation of a three-photon N00N state exhibiting Young's double-slit type spatial quantum interference. Compared to a single-photon state, the three-photon entangled state generates interference fringes that are three times denser. Moreover, its interference visibility of 0.49 ± 0.09 is well above the limit of 0.1 for spatial super-resolution of classical origin.
Highlights
Double-slit interference exhibited by single-photons or single-electrons is one of the most fundamental effects in quantum physics and is intimately tied to many foundational concepts in quantum physics such as complementarity, the uncertainty principle, and Born’s rule [1,2,3]
We report the first experimental observation of a three-photon N00N state exhibiting Young’s double-slit type spatial quantum interference
The demonstration of spatial quantum interference by a N00N state composed of more than two photons represents an important step towards applying quantum entanglement to technologies such as lithography and imaging
Summary
Double-slit interference exhibited by single-photons or single-electrons is one of the most fundamental effects in quantum physics and is intimately tied to many foundational concepts in quantum physics such as complementarity, the uncertainty principle, and Born’s rule [1,2,3]. We report the first experimental observation of a three-photon N00N state exhibiting Young’s double-slit type spatial quantum interference.
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