Observation of the vocal tract configuration while playing a woodwind instrument

Abstract

Skillful players of brass instruments and reed woodwinds are able to control the vocal tract effectively and perform with intended pitches and sound qualities. The player’s vocal tract is, to a first approximation, connected with the instrument bore acoustically in series. If the magnitude of the vocal tract impedance is comparable with the bore impedance, the acoustic pressure in the mouth can then exert influences with a vibrating reed. However, studies reliant enough to confirm the configuration of the vocal tract while playing are limited. In this study, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device was used to scan the vocal tract in three dimensions. The participant was an amateur saxophone player and the instrument was made from reed, mouthpiece, and a short uniform tube. Image data revealed how the vocal tract was formed when she blew a number of different notes. They were also used to determine the cross-sectional area and the input impedance of the vocal tract. The results were compared with trumpeter data taken and published previously, and also with data taken for the act of whistling. [This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP16K00242.]