Abstract
A specimen deformation apparatus for scanning electron microscope was devised and the surface structures of merino wool and mohair fibers were observed from relax to break down under stretching and twisting.The specimens were prepared by coating gold on their surface. Electron microscopic observation of these specimens could be easily performed even in largely deformed state without charging.The scanning electron micrographs reveals that the scales of mohair are thin and flat, and are piled more closely one upon another compared with those of merino wool. The shape of break ends of these fibers stretched or twisted slowly is characteristic, and it relates to their fine structure composed of A (para-) and B (ortho-) cortices. Since both cortices separate from each other in their boundaries during deformation, merino wool gives break ends of bilateral type, while mohair gives that of sheath and core.
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