Observation of Discrete Conventional Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon States in the Vortex Core of Single-Layer FeSe/SrTiO_{3}.

Abstract

Using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we studied the vortex states of single-layer FeSe film on a SrTiO_{3} (100) substrate, and the local behaviors of superconductivity at sample boundaries. We clearly observed multiple discrete Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon states in the vortex core, and quantitative analysis shows their energies well follow the formula: E=μΔ^{2}/E_{F}, where μ is a half integer (±1/2,±3/2,±5/2…) and Δ is the mean superconducting gap over the Fermi surface. Meanwhile, a fully gapped spectrum without states near zero bias is observed at the [110]_{Fe} oriented boundary of 1 and 2ML FeSe films, and atomic step edge of 1ML FeSe. Accompanied with theoretical calculations, our results indicate an s-wave pairing without sign change in the high-T_{C} FeSe/SrTiO_{3} superconductor.