Abstract
The quality of the produced yarn mainly depends on the properties of the raw material, its preparation for spinning, the condition of the equipment, and the preservation of the natural quality of cotton fiber during processing. The question of the number of defects in cotton fiber and their total content is a very important issue for cotton spinning. The non-standardized number of defects in the raw material reduces the quality indicators and yarn yield, which requires additional technological processes; therefore, on the part of production, the requirements for reducing the share of cotton fiber defects are constantly increasing. During processing in blowing and cleaning units and on carding machines, the cotton fiber is mechanically damaged. To observation the damaged fibers, we used the Congo-Roth red paint according to the method of Ch. Dore. Despite the carding is considered the last stage in the process of cleaning the fibers from impurities and defects in the spinning system, 30% of impurities and fiber defects still remain on the card sliver. Besides, it should be noted the carding machine is also considered an additional occurrence of defects, in particular (neps), which reduce the quality indicators of the card sliver and the finished product.
Highlights
The observation of damage to cotton and other textile fibers is an extremely important task
Despite the fact that the carding is considered the last stage in the process of cleaning the fibers from impurities and defects in the spinning system, 30% of impurities and fiber defects still remain on the card sliver
It turned out that the minimum value of the quality indicators of unevennes and neps of the yarn is achieved at the optimal value of the following research factors: rotation speed of the cylinder - 560 min-1; speed of the flats- 360 mm / min; taker-in drum speed - 1200 min-1
Summary
The observation of damage to cotton and other textile fibers is an extremely important task. The appearance of damage can be caused by a variety of reasons, ranging from the vegetation conditions of the plant, the collection, storage of cotton fiber, as well as from the whole chain of its various processing into yarn and finished fabric [1]. Fiber damage can be created both by isolated mechanical, physicochemical and bacterial causes, and by their mixed effects. They can be accompanied by secondary changes, causing changes in physical or chemical properties in the fibers. To solve the above problems, the following work is required: - study of types of damage to cotton fibers
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