Abstract
We report on the first direct observation of carrier-envelope-phase (CEP) effect during the interaction between few-cycle laser pulses and bulk solid materials. Using 2-cycle mid-infrared laser pulses with stabilized CEP, the CEP effect of tunneling ionization during the laser filamentation in a fused silica is revealed. The phase variation of the accompanying supercontinuum (SC) emission with filamentation at different CEPs of laser pulses can be measured by means of spectral interference technique, as a direct manifestation of the strong field tunneling ionization dynamics in transparent solids.
Highlights
Understanding the optical field ionization dynamics is of great importance since the optical field ionization is the initial process during the interaction between femtosecond intense laser pulses and matter in both gas and solid phases
In order to learn the details of the CEP effect, the intensity and phase change of the third harmonic (0.51 μm) during propagation is shown in Fig. 4(a) and 4(b) respectively
We found the demonstrated method is a general technique to detect the CEP effect in transparent materials
Summary
Understanding the optical field ionization dynamics is of great importance since the optical field ionization is the initial process during the interaction between femtosecond intense laser pulses and matter in both gas and solid phases. The optical field ionization with an intense laser pulse can be divided into two regimes, multiphoton ionization and tunneling ionization, corresponding to different values of Keldysh parameter γ [12]. The tunneling ionization is very sensitive to the instantaneous field strength and the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) becomes a vital parameter for few-cycle laser pulses. It is possible to investigate the dynamics of tunnel ionization in solids using CEP stabilized laser pulses in MIR wavelength regime. The CEP effect of the femtosecond pulse filamentation in transparent solids is investigated by measuring the supercontinuum (SC) emission process. This is the first direct observation of CEP effect during the interaction between few-cycle laser pulses and bulk solid materials
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