Abstract
[ Fe 3 O 4 (20 Å)/Mn 3 O 4 (80 Å)] x20 and [Fe3O4(20 Å)/MgO(80 Å)]x20 superlattices on MgO(001) are fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy in order to compare the magnetic coupling in ferrimagnetic–ferrimagnetic and ferrimagnetic–nonmagnetic systems. The magnetic response is measured as a function of applied-field (−50 to 50 kOe) parallel to the film surface and temperature (5–300 K). A strong reduction of magnetization, from 115 to 45 emu/cm3, is observed only from the Fe3O4/Mn3O4 superlattice at temperature below ∼60 K. This observation indicates that the magnetic moments in two constituents are antiparallel and the Curie temperature (Tc) of Mn3O4 is enhanced for 15 K. In addition, the remanent magnetization shows a compensation point (Tcp) at about 32 K at which the opposing spins are balanced. Detailed magnetic hysteresis loops measured at different temperature further explore magnetic phase transitions as a function of external field and temperature. A possible phase diagram is similar to the previous Gd/Fe multilayered system in that Mn3O4 is parallel and Fe3O4 antiparallel to the applied field below Tcp while Fe3O4 is parallel and Mn3O4 antiparallel to the applied field above Tcp. Moreover, a spin-flop-like phase is observed above a critical external field, H*, ∼10 kOe.
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