Observation as a method of socio-pedagogical research and diagnosis of children with special educational needs in development

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the observation method used in two main varieties of social pedagogy: psychological and social. The novelty of the article lies in the description of the application of the observation method in social pedagogy – a new field of pedagogical knowledge. Its originality is in identifying the specifics of the application of the observation method in the process of socialization of children with special educational needs in development. The relevance of the work is due to the insufficient development of the methodology for applying the observation method in social pedagogy. The content of the study comprises data on children with special educational needs in development, their social adaptation to society, information about the types, methods of observation, applications in working with such children, data on the procedure for using the method of observation of the process of socialization of children with special educational needs in development, information about the use of personal constructs of role-playing, methods of training and imitation. The study aims to identify the effectiveness of the method of observation in social pedagogy as a social tool. Research methods: observation and its types, training, encouragement, role-playing, method of using personal constructs. The results are: installed and describe the different types of surveillance used in social pedagogy; identified and described the procedure of social observation in the study of behavior of children with special educational needs in development and behavior; a comprehensive method of conducting observation combined with the use of other methods is described; conclusions are drawn about the need to use different types of observation in social pedagogy to diagnose, obtain information, and social adaptation of special children to society. Conclusions: the method of observation in the field of social pedagogy is used as an effective method used in the course of work with children with special educational needs in development. This method is used to diagnose the condition of these children and to socialize them with society. In working with such children, psychological and socio-pedagogical observations are used. With the help of these methods, the child’s behavior in performing mental activity is studied. Socio-pedagogical observations are used in the social adaptation of children with special educational needs in development in society.