Observable estimation of bipartite mixed-state entanglement

Abstract

An analytic lower bound is presented for bipartite mixed-state entanglement which is obtained from convex roof construction of a variational definition of pure-state negativity. It is shown that this lower bound can be directly measured by one single projection operator or a few local observables in experiments without the requirement of simultaneous multiple copies of states. In particular, we show that the lower bound can serve as an exact entanglement measure for isotropic states.