Abstract
Electrochemical machining process (ECM) can be applied for efficient shaping advanced materials conducting electrical current, which are difficult or impossible for machining using conventional methods. In electrochemical machining, the workpiece is an anode and material is removed as a result of electrochemical reactions “atom by atom” without mechanical forces. This mechanism of material removal make it possible to obtain high quality of machined surface layer with uniform properties. The very important advantage of ECM process is also the fact that there is not a tool wear (working electrode – cathode), because the equivalent reaction to anodic dissolution is hydrogen generation on cathode surface and hydrogen can be easily removed from, the inter-electrode gap by electrolyte flow. Because of this advantages, the ECM process is widely applied in space, aircraft, car and electromechanical industry and research stimulating ECM development are carried out.
Highlights
Where: Su - thickness of the inter-electrode gap in the steady state of the process, η - current efficiency of the dissolution process, kv - electrochemical equivalent of the material processed, κ - electrical conductivity of the electrolyte, E - sum of the decreases in the electrical potential at the electrode and electrolyte interface, U inter-electrode voltage, vf - feedrate of the working electrode
The machining allowance in the Electrochemical machining process (ECM) process is removed as a result of electrochemical reactions taking place on the surface of the workpiece, which is the anode
Phenomena occurring in the inter-electrode gap determine the basic advantages of the ECM process [15], such as: possibility of efficient machining of electrically conductive materials, regardless of their mechanical properties, difficult or impossible to process using classical methods;
Summary
Electrochemical machining process (ECM) can be applied for efficient shaping advanced materials conducting electrical current which are difficult or impossible for machining using conventional methods. The very important advantage of ECM process is the fact that there is not electrode – tool wear because the equivalent reaction to anodic dissolution is hydrogen generation on cathode surface and hydrogen can be easy removed form interelectrode gap by electrolyte flow. Because of this advantages ECM process is widely applied in space, aircraft, car and electromechanical industry and research stimulating ECM development are carried out. The electrical conductivity of the electrolyte, in general case, can be calculated from the following relationship [1,2,3,4,5]:
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