Abstract
The sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to raise quality employment, gender equity in access to employment and increase coverage in education. However, in Colombia, high unemployment rates and the informality of young people are risks of achieving these goals. The purpose of this research is to estimate the determinants of youth unemployment and its relationship with SDGs Objective 8, and linking it to the objectives of quality education and gender equity. Using the microdata of the Colombian household survey, DANE, this relationship is estimated with a methodology of age, period, and cohort, through a Probit/Logit Multinomial model. As a novel result for the Colombian case, it is shown that, although new generations of young people are more educated, education per se is not enough to guarantee them a quality insertion into the labor market, penalizing, above all, young women. Lack of work experience and segmentation of the labor market would help explain this outcome. Employment policies, therefore, to achieve the SDGs must not only invest in education, but also expand dual education programs, considering gender.
Highlights
The United Nations wants to overcome poverty and generate a sustainable path for economic growth through the strengthening of freedom and peace [1]
This scenario reflects two things, the first one that has advanced in terms of educational coverage, but it is being wasted in terms of objective 8, since women are the ones who are most educated, but less employed than men, so the country does not take advantage of this human capital to increase the economic growth and quality jobs, so it could not meet this goal on the 2030 agenda
Faster and easier entry into the labor market can serve as an incentive to reduce the rates of young Neets and achieve better conditions as it stands [42,43]. These results show that the theory of human capital applied to the context of young unemployment today in Colombia should be seen from labor segmentation, since the theoretical and empirical components of this theory as shown by the works of [44,45,46,47] show a direct relationship between education and employability that would allow SDGS Objective 8 to be met, these studies do not fully address the labor market and they just study the formal segment, which leaves aside the larger part that is informality
Summary
The United Nations wants to overcome poverty and generate a sustainable path for economic growth through the strengthening of freedom and peace [1]. Three of the objectives have a close relationship with the labor market. Objectives 4, 5, and 8 discuss, respectively, the quality of education, gender equality, and the generation of decent employment, forming a set of goals on access to employment and formalization of work, aimed at reducing the number of workers who live in poverty and extreme poverty. These aims include recurrent access to employment of vulnerable populations such as youth and the condition known as NEET, young people who do not work nor study
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