Objective evaluation of noisy multimodal medical image fusion using Daubechies complex wavelet transform

Abstract

Medical image fusion needs proper attention as images obtained from medical instruments are of poor contrast and corrupted by blur and noise due to imperfection of image capturing devices. Thus, objective evaluation of medical image fusion techniques has become an important task in noisy domain. Therefore, in the present work, we have proposed maximum selection and energy based fusion rules for the evaluation of noisy multimodal medical image fusion using Daubechies complex wavelet transform (DCxWT). Unlike, traditional real valued wavelet transforms, which suffered from shift sensitivity and did not provide any phase information, DCxWT is shift invariant and provides phase information through its imaginary coefficients. Shift invariance and availability of phase information properties of DCxWT have been found useful for fusion of multimodal medical images. The experiments have been performed over several set of noisy medical images at multiple levels of noise for the proposed fusion scheme. Further, the proposed fusion scheme has been tested up to the maximum level of Gaussian, salt & pepper and speckle noise. Objective evaluation of the proposed fusion scheme is performed with fusion factor, fusion symmetry, entropy, standard deviation and edge information metrics. Results have been shown for two sets of multimodal medical images for the proposed method with maximum and energy based fusion rules, and comparison has been done with Lifting wavelet transform (LWT) and Stationary wavelet transform (SWT) based fusion methods. Comparative analysis of the proposed method with LWT and SWT based fusion methods at different noise levels shows the superiority of the proposed scheme. Moreover, the plots of different fusion metrics against the maximum level of Gaussian, salt & pepper and speckle noise show the robustness of the proposed fusion method against noise.