Abstract
Corrosion in the marine environment is a complex mechanism. One of the most damaging forms of corrosion is pitting corrosion, which is difficult to design and inspect against. In the North Sea, multiple offshore wind structures have been deployed that are corroding from the inside out. One of the most notable corrosion mechanisms observed is pitting corrosion. This study addresses the lack of information both in the literature and the industry standards on the pitting corrosion profile for water depth from coupons deployed in the North Sea. Image processing was therefore conducted to extract the characteristics of the pit, which were defined as pit major length, minor length, area, aspect ratio, and count. The pit depth was measured using a pit gauge and the maximum pit depth was found to be 1.05 mm over 111 days of exposure. The goal of this paper is to provide both deterministic models and a statistical model of pit characteristics for water depth that can be used by wind farm operators and researchers to inform and simulate pits on structures based on the results of a real field experiment. As such, these models highlight the importance of adequate corrosion protection.
Highlights
The effects of corrosion in the marine environment on offshore structures have been well-documented [1]
One of the features of pitting corrosion is that it is highly influenced by the environment, when marine carbon steel is used in the fabrication of offshore structures such as ships, oil and gas platforms, pipes, as well as bottom fixed and floating offshore wind structures [4,5]
Corrosion is highly influential at every stage of the design for an offshore wind turbine (OWT), and falls into four categories: ULS, FLS, SLS, and ALS [6,7,8]
Summary
The effects of corrosion in the marine environment on offshore structures have been well-documented [1]. One of the features of pitting corrosion is that it is highly influenced by the environment, when marine carbon steel is used in the fabrication of offshore structures such as ships, oil and gas platforms, pipes, as well as bottom fixed and floating offshore wind structures [4,5]. The association between corrosion and the design of those structures is fundamental to their structural integrity and for ensuring fitness for purpose. Corrosion is highly influential at every stage of the design for an offshore wind turbine (OWT), and falls into four categories: ULS (ultimate limit state), FLS (fatigue limit state), SLS (serviceability limit state), and ALS (accident limit state) [6,7,8]. Taking account of the reduction in thickness, mass loss, and stress increasers caused by corrosion will affect the four criteria in the following ways:
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