Obesity prevalence and variability in management practices for patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease

Abstract

Obesity has been associated with poor disease outcomes in patients with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Given evolving treatments for obesity, evaluating its prevalence and treatment practices are key to develop a holistic management of PAD. We aimed to examine prevalence of obesity and variability of management strategies in symptomatic PAD patients enrolled in the international multicenter PORTRAIT registry from 2011 to 2015. Obesity management strategies studied included weight and/or dietary counseling and prescription of weight loss medications (orlistat, lorcaserin, phentermine-topiramate, naltrexone-buproprion, and liraglutide). Use frequency of obesity management strategies were calculated by country and compared across centers using adjusted median odds ratios (MOR). Of 1002 patients included, 36 % had obesity. No patients received weight loss medications. Weight and/or dietary counseling was prescribed in only 20 % of patients with obesity with significant variability in practices between centers (range 0.0–39.7 %; MOR 3.6, 95 % CI 2.04–9.95, p = < 0.001). In conclusion, obesity is a prevalent modifiable comorbidity in PAD that is hardly addressed during PAD management, with significant variability across practices. As obesity prevalence rates are growing, along with treatment modalities to treat it, especially in those with PAD, building systems to integrate systematic evidence-based weight and dietary management strategies in PAD are essential to close this gap in care.