Abstract
Simple SummaryThe present nationwide population-based longitudinal cohort study showed that diabetes was associated with an increased risk of hematologic malignancies independent of obesity. The risk of NHL increased according to the progression of dysglycemia towards a longer diabetes duration, while HL did not.There have been conflicting results regarding the association between diabetes and the risk of hematologic malignancies, and its interaction with obesity is unknown. This study determined the risk of hematologic malignancies according to the glycemic status in a population-based study involving health screening 9,774,625 participants. The baseline glycemic status of the participants was categorized into no diabetes, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), newly detected diabetes, diabetes duration <5 years, and diabetes duration ≥5 year groups. The risks of overall and specific hematologic malignancies were estimated using a Cox regression analysis. During a median follow up of 7.3 years, 14,733 hematologic malignancies developed. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for the risk of all the hematologic malignancies was 0.99 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95–1.02) for IFG, 0.99 (95% CI 0.91–1.08) for newly detected diabetes, 1.03 (95% CI 0.96–1.11) for diabetes duration <5 years, and 1.11 (95% CI 1.03, 1.20) for diabetes duration ≥5 year groups. The association was independent from obesity. The risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) increased according to the progression of dysglycemia towards a longer diabetes duration, while Hodgkin’s lymphoma did not. This study in Korea demonstrated diabetes to be associated with an increased risk of hematologic malignancies independent of obesity. The NHL risk increased with the diabetes duration.
Highlights
Diabetes substantially increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality
The significant interaction with age in the association between the glycemic status and the risk of all hematologic malignancies was attributable to the significant association between the diabetes
The present study suggested that the risk of NHL was linearly and positively associated with the progression of the glycemic status toward diabetes with a longer disease duration
Summary
Diabetes substantially increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality. There is an accumulating body of evidence indicating that diabetes is associated with an increased risk of various solid cancers, including liver [1], endometrial [2], stomach [3], and colorectal cancers [4]. There are conflicting results regarding the association between diabetes and hematologic malignancies. Some studies have found that diabetes was associated with an increased risk of HL, while others failed to show an association between these two conditions [5,6,7,8]. Some studies have found an increased risk of MM among people with diabetes compared to that in patients without diabetes [3,12], while others have not demonstrated this association [5,6,7,9,10,14]
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