Obesity in adult woman and risk for cardiometabolic disease. Case study in Rabat city

Abstract

Morocco, which counts 37 million inhabitants [1] , has embarked on a demographic and nutritional transition. Adult female population constitute 50% of total population lives in urban area. National researches have shown that obesity and overweight have progressed significantly. Excess weight is three times more frequent in women than men, and the rate of woman obesity have jumped from 19.1% in 2017 to 29% in 2020 [2] . Determine the incidence rate of obesity and android overweight in a population of adult urban women. In total, 295 adult women have been recruited in the city of Rabat. Anthropometrics measures, calculation of BMI, body composition analysis via Bio-impedancemetry (BODYSTAT 1500 MDD) have been realized. Results show that 3.7% of the women were underweight, 16.61% have a normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25), 35.6% are overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), 40.3% are obese (30 ≤ BMI < 40) and 6.4% suffer from severe obesity (BMI ≥ 41 kg/m 2 ). The percentage of fat body mass represent on average 40.2% of their total body constitution (norm 15–25%) and 51% for the cases in severe obesity; 82.3% have a weight size superior to the norm (> 80 cm). Overweight and obese women have an average waist size of 96.5 cm and the severely obese have an average waist size of 118 cm. The average observed age is 42 years old. The prevalence of obesity in adult female in our established sample is higher than the national average, respectively 46.7% versus 29%. It remains, nonetheless that the incidence of overweight/obesity is alarming in the Moroccan female. In addition, the excess body fat observed is essentially android type, well known for its deleterious effects including the metabolic risks, and cardiovascular diseases [3] .