Obesity does not increase the risk of side effects and complications of egg retrieval: delaying oocyte retrieval in obese patients is not a good strategy.

Abstract

Obesity is one of the main concerns for public health and is becoming an increasingly widespread problem worldwide. Women are more likely to require a cesarean section and have a longer hospital stay after delivery. Excess body weight can interfere with ovulation and make it more difficult for embryos to implant in the uterus. A high body mass index (BMI) has controversial effects on the outcomes of medically assisted reproduction treatments (IVF) and, if careful counseling is not performed, medical-legal risks may be incurred. While some researchers argue that obesity does not particularly affect ART outcomes, other studies claim that a high BMI does not interfere with embryonic development. Both the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) and the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) has stated that there is no clear evidence supporting a BMI limit for IVF treatment and that each patient should be evaluated on an individual basis. The purpose of our study was to evaluate whether performing in vitro fertilization on these patients increases the risk of medical, surgical, and anesthetic complications of oocyte retrieval. From January 2011 to December 2022, all patients with BMI higher than 25 were enrolled in the study (n=766). Complications and risks related to oocyte retrieval were evaluated, and patients were divided according to BMI groups. With the one-way ANOVA test, all groups were compared with the control group, and none showed statistically significant differences, only the number of produced embryos in the BMI group between 30-34.9 was lower and statistically significant. Only one study has analyzed these aspects, mainly focusing on the need for anesthesia drugs and any related complications, and the same author reported greater difficulty in performing oocyte retrieval. The same study recorded an increase in incomplete oocyte retrievals. Our work does not confirm any of these impressions.