Obesity and Blood Pressure in 17-Year-Old Offspring of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes: Insights from the Jerusalem Perinatal Study

Meytal Avgil Tsadok,Uriel Elchalal,Hagit Hochner,Vardiella Meiner,Shoshanah Yazdgerdi,Ora Paltiel,David Siscovick,Yael Sagy,Orly Manor,Yechiel Friedlander,Nir Sharon

doi:10.1155/2011/906154

Abstract

Objective. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) influences fetal development and offspring's metabolic risk. We evaluated this association in 17-year-old offspring adjusting for birth weight (BW) and prepregnancy maternal BMI (mBMI). Study Design. The JPS birth cohort contains extensive data on 92,408 births from 1964 to 1976. Offspring's BMI and blood pressure (BP) were obtained from military records. For a subcohort born between 1974 and 1976, prepregnancy mBMI was available. Offspring were classified as born to mothers with GDM (n = 293) or born to mothers without recorded GDM (n = 59,499). Results. GDM offspring had higher mean BMI and systolic and diastolic BP compared to no-recorded-GDM offspring. After adjusting for BW, GDM remained significantly associated with offspring BMI and diastolic BP (β = 1.169 and 1.520, resp.). In the subcohort, when prepregnancy mBMI was entered to the models, it markedly attenuated the associations with GDM. Conclusions. Maternal characteristics have long-term effects on cardiometabolic outcomes of their offspring aged 17 years.

Highlights

Fetal development is regulated by maternal and fetal characteristics that influence the intrauterine environment
The current study examined the differences in offspring body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure measured at age 17 among the two groups: offspring whose mothers had Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the index pregnancy (GDM) and offspring whose mothers did not have GDM in any of her pregnancies during the period 1964–1976 and recorded in the Jerusalem perinatal study (JPS)
BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure mean values were significantly higher in GDM offspring as compared to the mean values obtained in offspring born to no-recordedGDM mothers (P < 0.05 for all outcomes)

Summary

Objective

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) influences fetal development and offspring’s metabolic risk. We evaluated this association in 17-year-old offspring adjusting for birth weight (BW) and prepregnancy maternal BMI (mBMI). Offspring’s BMI and blood pressure (BP) were obtained from military records. For a subcohort born between 1974 and 1976, prepregnancy mBMI was available. Offspring were classified as born to mothers with GDM (n = 293) or born to mothers without recorded GDM (n = 59, 499). GDM offspring had higher mean BMI and systolic and diastolic BP compared to no-recorded-GDM offspring. After adjusting for BW, GDM remained significantly associated with offspring BMI and diastolic BP (β = 1.169 and 1.520, resp.). In the subcohort, when prepregnancy mBMI was entered to the models, it markedly attenuated the associations with GDM. Maternal characteristics have long-term effects on cardiometabolic outcomes of their offspring aged 17 years

Introduction

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Results

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