Obesity and abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescent girls: is there a relationship?

Abstract

Introduction. Obesity is a non-communicable pandemic and a major problem worldwide. As the prevalence of childhood obesity increases, there is growing evidence of an association between obesity and risk factors for menstrual disorders.Aim. To study the role of obesity treatment in shaping menstrual disorders in adolescent girls.Materials and methods. Group: with obesity and menstrual cycle disorders. Group 2: obese and regular menstrual cycle. An assessment of anthropometric data, collection of hereditary history, life history, and analysis of data from menstrual cycle diaries were carried out. All girls were given recommendations aimed at reducing body weight, and after 12 months, weight dynamics and the nature of the menstrual cycle were assessed.Results. An increase in body weight for every 1 kilogram added over 12 months significantly increases the risk of menstrual cycle disorders: the odds ratio is 1.45 (95% CI: 1.11–1.88), p = 0.005. An increase in body mass index by 1 unit over 12 months significantly increases the risk of menstrual cycle disorders: the odds ratio is 1.70 (95% CI: 1.28–2.24), p = 0.001, similarly decreasing with a corresponding decrease in body mass index.Discussion. The risk of menstrual cycle disorders is associated with a dynamic change in body weight: with an increase in body weight during the year, the chances of menstrual cycle disorders for every 1 kg added increase by 1.45 times, decreasing by the same number of times with a corresponding decrease in weight. With an increase in body mass index for each added unit per year, the chances of menstrual cycle disorders increase by 1.7 times, decreasing by the same number of times with a corresponding decrease in body mass index.Conclusions. Dynamic changes in body weight can have both a positive and a negative effect on the prognosis of menstrual cycle disorders, which determines the great importance of therapeutic efforts aimed at reducing body weight.