O-74 Work-related psychosocial risk factors for stress-related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

<h3>Introduction</h3> Stress-related disorders are frequently reported in the working population, with varying incidence rates of 13% for psychological distress up to 22% for emotional exhaustion with even higher prevalence rates in specific professions and countries. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to examine which work-related psychosocial risk factors are associated with stress-related disorders (SRDs). <h3>Methods</h3> We searched the electronic databases of Medline, Embase and PsycINFO for articles published between 2008 and 12 August 2019 and included the references of a systematic review performed for the period before 2008. Primary longitudinal studies were included when outcome data were described in terms of SRD assessment or a dichotomous outcome, based on a validated questionnaire, and at least two levels of work-related exposure were reported. The selection of the work-related risk factors in the meta-analyses was based on: (1) sufficient contrast between reported exposure categories; (2) effect estimates controlled for other non-work-related factors; 3) homogeneity in definition or measurement of risk factors. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grades of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. <h3>Result</h3> Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed moderate evidence for associations between SRDs and effort reward imbalance (OR=1.9, 95% CI 1.70–2.15), high job demands (OR=1.6, 95% CI 1.41- 1.72), organisational justice (OR’s 1.6 to 1.7, CI’s 1.44–1.86), social support (OR’s 1.3 to 1.4, CI’s 1.16–1.69), high emotional demands (OR=1.6, 95% CI 1.35–1.84), and decision authority (OR=1.3, CI 1.20–1.49). No significant or inconsistent associations were found for job insecurity, decision latitude, skill discretion and bullying. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Moderate evidence was found that work-related psychosocial risk factors are associated with a higher risk of SRDs. Effort-reward imbalance, low organisational justice and high job demands exhibited the largest increased risk of SRDs, varying from 60 to 90%.