Abstract
EnglishFiber flax cultivation was widely spread in Cabeceiras de Basto, in the interior of Entre-Douro-e- -Minho province, both for private consumption and for trade in the regional market from where it would sometimes be shipped to more distant places like Brazil. Flax crops were sowed in almost ever y farmhouse. Sowing was the first step of a cycle highly demanding in workforce up to har vest, and subsequent preparation and transformation of the fibers into linen fabric–the local cloth for ever yday use. At the turn of the 18th centur y, due to the textile cotton advance, and aiming to lower costs and intensify linen production, an innovative machine, the flax mill, came into use. Although actioned accordingly to traditional technical skills, it mechanized one of the work stages: the breaking of the dried flax plant to release the textile fiber. We studied the existence and use of the flax mills in this county are portuguesCabeceiras de Basto, no interior do Entre-Douro-e-Minho, foi terra de muito cultivo de linho, tanto para auto-consumo como para comercializacao no mercado regional, de onde por vezes seguiria para outros mais distantes, como o Brasil. Semeava-se em quase todas as casas de lavoura, dando inicio a um ciclo muito exigente em mao-de-obra ate a colheita, seguida pela preparacao da fibra e sua transformacao em tecido, o pano da terra de uso quotidiano. Na viragem do seculo XVIII, perante o avanco do textil algodoeiro e com o objectivo de baixar custos e viabilizar a intensificacao da producao do linho, surgiu uma maquina inovadora, o engenho de macar, embora accionado recorrendo ao conhecimento tecnico tradicional. Mecanizou-se assim uma das fases do trabalho, a maceracao da planta seca para libertacao da fibra. Estudamos a presenca e utilizacao destes engenhos no aro concelhi
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More From: Portugalia: Revista de Arqueologia do Departamento de Ciências e Técnicas do Património da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto
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