Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of overweight and obesity on the perception of self-concept in children and adolescents. A total of 785 schoolchildren, 410 girls (11.44 ± 1.84 years), participated in the study. The sample was divided into normal weight, overweight and obese groups according to the BMI criteria proposed byCole et al. (2000). Socioeconomic status (SES) was evaluated according to theABEP (2010)and self-concept was rated using the Piers-Harris 2 Scale. The results showed that for the overall self-concept variable the overweight and obese groups were within the average recommended by the instrument; however, the lowest scores were observed in obese boys and girls. On the basis of specific predictors (BMI, age, SES and skin color), obese boys were significantly more likely to present imbalance in the Behavioral Adjustment and Freedom From Anxiety domains (2.6 and 3.1 times, respectively) than the normal weight group, irrespective of age, SES and skin color. For girls, the obese group was 2.0 to 2.7 times more likely to present imbalance in the TOT and Intellectual Status, Popularity and Happiness domains than the normal weight group, irrespective of age, SES and skin color. The results demonstrated a negative impact of overweight and obesity on the perception of overall self-concept and its domains.
Highlights
The results of studies on youth health indicate an association between psychological disorders and excess weight, even in adolescence[1,2,3,4]
Lower scores were observed in the obese group compared to the normal weight group for TOT and for the PHY, From Anxiety (FRE) and POP domains
Comparison between boys and girls showed significant differences in Behavioral Adjustment (BEH), PHY and FRE scores in the normal weight group and in FRE scores in the overweight group, with girls only scoring higher in the BEH domain
Summary
The results of studies on youth health indicate an association between psychological disorders and excess weight, even in adolescence[1,2,3,4]. During this phase, young people face the transition from childhood to adulthood, a process that is influenced by both interpersonal relationships and cultural aspects. Socially valued body image is that of a slim person, losing weight would be the ideal goal for everybody Within this perspective, individuals who are unable to achieve this desirable pattern suffer a lot[5,6,7]
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